BMJ Referencing

Vancouver referencing style is developed from BMJ referencing style. This style makes use of superscript sequential numerical indicators which are then identified in a numerical reference list at the end of the document.

Referencing a Book

  • Author - surname and name/initials followed by a full stop
  • Title followed by a full stop
  • Place of publication followed by a colon
  • Publisher followed by a semi-colon
  • Year of publication followed by a full stop
Brown, D. Medical Reference. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2006.

Referencing a Journal

  • Author - surname and name/initials followed by a full stop
  • Title of journal article followed by a full stop
  • Title of journal
  • Publication date in full followed by a semi-colon
  • Volume with issue number in brackets followed by a semi-colon
  • Page numbers followed by a full stop
Brown, J. Referencing Medicine. Referencing Styles. 2 (3); pp. 33-49.

Referencing an electronic source

  • Author - surname and name/initials followed by a full stop
  • Title of article
  • Date in square brackets followed by a semi-colon
  • Volume number and issue number (no space, latter in round brackets) followed by a colon
  • Page numbers in square brackets followed by a full stop
  • 'Available from' followed by a colon and the URL underlined
Taylor, John. BMJ Referencing [9 August 2007]; 2(4): [pp. 33-45]. Available from:

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