Maternal and perinatal mortality Uk

The maternal mortality is defined as the death of the women while pregnant or within the 42 days of the termination of the pregnancy and on the other hand, the perinatal morality is when the women complete 28 weeks in gestation and ends seven completed days after birth of the child. The perinatal mortality includes the late fatal death more than 28 weeks of gestation. It becomes high concern to conduct maternal and perinatal audit there is high numbers of women die from preventable causes related to pregnancy and childbirth. Approximately 99% women death happens in the UK due to childbirth and lack of care during pregnancy and thus it is necessary for the health and social car professionals to develop effective initiative to prevent the death of the women by providing proper care and support to them. As per the world health organization (WHO), it is expected to reduce the maternal and perinatal mortality rate in 2030 by 70 per 100000 live births. Maternal death or mortality occurs when the women is pregnant within 42 days of termination of pregnancy from any cause related to the aggravated by the pregnancy or mismanagement and lack of treatment, but not from accidental or incidental causes (Sobhy et al., 2016).

In the UK health care setting, it is necessary for the health and social care organisations to predict the causes of death so that the professionals can develop appropriate care plan and support the women who are pregnant. It has been explored that, the 70% of the major causes of maternal death are severe bleeding, infections, high blood pressure during pregnancy and complications while delivery in the UK (Hanson et al., 2015). Apart from that, there is unsafe abortion in the medical history of the women which sometimes leads the women towards death. On the other hand, 25% deaths are due to malaria and AIDS during pregnancy which also becomes high concern now in the society as the numbers of women having aids is also increasing year to year. On the other hand, the causes of perinatal mortality are due to fatal including infections, mental illness and inequality in accessing the health care service in the UK, syndromes, arrhythmias and structural defects. Placental including vascular insults, prolonged pregnancy, abortion as well as the maternal problems such as obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, autoimmune disorders, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy are the causes of perinatal death.

It is necessary for the health care professionals to develop care plan for the pregnant women so that they can get effective treatment and quality care as per the health condition of the patients. The intervention process of early booking and screening, active management of 3rd stage of labour, effective review and follow up of the child and mother after delivery as well as early intervention to optimise patient for conception are necessary to prevent the high rate of maternal and perinatal mortality across the UK (Knight et al., 2016). Global intervention process of monitoring and evaluation of the maternal and new-born ill-health, implementing policies and strategies, developing working in partnership, high investment in the maternal and new-born health are beneficial to improve maternal health in pregnancy and during and after childbirth.

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Reference List

Hanson, C., Cox, J., Mbaruku, G., Manzi, F., Gabrysch, S., Schellenberg, D., Tanner, M., Ronsmans, C. and Schellenberg, J., 2015. Maternal and perinatal mortality in resource-limited settings–Authors' reply. The Lancet Global Health, 3(11), p.e673.

Knight, M., Nair, M., Brocklehurst, P., Kenyon, S., Neilson, J., Shakespeare, J., Tuffnell, D. and Kurinczuk, J.J., 2016. Examining the impact of introducing ICD-MM on observed trends in maternal mortality rates in the UK 2003–13. BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 16(1), p.178.

Sobhy, S., Babiker, Z.O., Zamora, J., Khan, K.S. and Kunst, H., 2017. Maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity associated with tuberculosis during pregnancy and the postpartum period: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 124(5), pp.727-733.