Syrian Civil War And Its Ongoing

Introduction

The current research indicates that more than one million people including women, children, and opposing forces have lost their lives within a span of less than half a decade due to the Syrian civil war. Syrian civil war began on March 2011 when violent and non-violent protestants are opposing army forces loyal to President Bashar Al-Asad during the Arab spring movement. The Protestants were fiercely resisting Bashar’s family forty years reign. Three years later the war gradually developed to the point of being referred to civil one, and there is no sign of ending soon. Syria, USA, and Russia have involved and made slim progress in attempts to bring a solution to the menace. Al-Assad regime has blamed for killing its citizen while both parties have violated human rights.

Core actors and/or core forces

The core actors in the Syrian conflict is anarchy and danger with realist. Embodying algorithmic war: gender, race and the posthuman in drone warfare, Wilcox describe the international environment as “one people by egoistic, economic states, pursuing their self-interests in a self-help system without any centralized authority.” The lack of self-centered authority in the international community referred to anarchy, and realists are those pursuing their self-interests.

One of the core forces involved in the Syrian war is Russia; more specifically, Russia’s President, Vladimir Putin. Putin has spearheaded the way, and convinced Russians to support him “righting the wrongs done to his beloved Mother, Russia after the collapse of Soviet Union ,”. Putin is considered realist due to his termination and ambition to regain the land once owned by the Russian, without paying any attention to external factors. Though others have lived in peaceful coexistence with their neighbors, Puttin has gone full force partially due to lack of enforcement by the international government to informed him that he is breaking the rules.

Causes

Arab spring: The 2011 successful uprisings popular referred to Arab Springs falling Egyptian and Tunisian presidents give primary hope for Syrian pro-democracy crisis. The detaining and torturing of 15 boys leaving one of them a 13 years-old dead for writing graffiti in support of Arab Spring following March peaceful protests escalates the situation.

President Bashar al Assad's security forces open fire and killed several pro-democracy protesters in the Deraa’s Syrian southern city and imprisoning many more. The revolution spread throughout the country, demanding for Assad’s resignation to make an end for his authoritarian rule. July 2011, Syrian military personnel who were unhappy with killings defects and announced the formation of Free Syrian Army, a rebel group with objectives of overthrowing Assad’s government. Syrian began a major civil war at this juncture. It is known as civil war due to a sectarian division where most Syrians are Sunni Muslims, while Syria’s security apparatus dominated by the Alawi sect, headed by Assad. Back in 1982, Bashir’s father ordered a military crackdown on the Muslim Brotherhood in Hama killing thousands of people and destroyed the city.

Global warming is said to have played a role in the Syrian uprising. The worse drought hit Syria from 2007 to 210, causing 1.5 million people to migrate to urban and countryside intensifying poverty and social unres

Bashar al-Asaad got into power in 200 after the demise of his father, Hafez, who had reigned since 1971. Assad’s immediately sunk reform’s hope as he conserved the energy to his ruling family and one party system. Media freedom and civil society activism were harshly truncated, effectively killing political openness hopes.

The discredited ideology was Syrian Baath party considered as an Arab socialism founder, an ideology currently emerged stated economic led with Pan-Arab nationalism. However, Baathist ideology was reduced to an empty shell in 2000 when they lost the war to Israel and the economy was crippled . Assad attempts to modernize regime by invoking the Chinese model of economic reform but time ran against him.

Rough economy: cautious reforms of the socialism remnants open the door to private investments, prompting an explosion of consumerism among upper middle classes. But the privatization which only favors privilege and wealthy families with links to the regime. Provincial Syria later become the center of the unrest, boiled with anger as the costs of living soared, job scarcity and inequality roll.

Consequences

The previous research assessing the social and economic implications of the Syrian conflict as indicates significant damage to Syrian Arab Republic’s stock index. For instance, housing stock destroyed by 7% and partially damage by 20% displacing over 500,000 people and killing more than one million others, while disrupting and depressing economic activities. Previously, men fled to other countries leaving the business and home to be raised by women. Between 2011 to 2016, Syria has faced cumulative losses of $ 227 billion in the gross domestic product of almost four times GDP in 2010.

The efforts by the international community to halt the escalating Syrian violence has failed to make a positive impact, with many fear that Syria has descended into civil war. The Syrian government is carrying out disproportionate attacks of excessive violence against its citizens. The Syrian government denounced the facts that the country is facing a civil war claiming it is fighting armed terrorist groups plotting against the future of the Syrian people.

The Russia and West relationship progressively become dangerous especially Turkish airspace incursion by Russian warplanes bombing and raiding Syria. Britain vowed to defends NATO’s eastern boundaries against potential Russin aggression beyond Ukraine anticipated to worsens the situation.

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References

Wilcox, L. (2017), ‘Embodying algorithmic war: Gender, race, and the poathuman in drone warfare’ , security Dialogue 48(1):11-28.
Benjamin, M. (2013), Drone Warfare: Killing by Remote Control, London: Verso
Porch, D(2013), Counterinsurgency: Exposing the Myhths of the New Way of War, Cambridge University Press
Kreps, S and Kaag, J (2012), ‘The Use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Contemporary Conflict: A Legal and Ethical Analysis, Polity 44(2): 260-285
Maher, A (2018) . ‘Syria’s era of women’ : War leaves streets empty of men.’ Middle East Eye. Available at: