A Qualitative Study of Primary Healthcare Professionals

Introduction

The critical analysis of the research study is performed to examine the ideas presented by the researcher in relation to what is already known and develop decision for its merits. This indicates that critical analysis is done with the aim to argue all aspects of the information to determine its strength and weakness. In this study, the critical analysis of the article “A qualitative study of primary healthcare professionals’ views of falls prevention” is to be explained. The research in the nursing field is important so that information can be gathered through scientific experimentation that is to be implemented as evidence in practice for providing evidence-based care (EBP) to serve users. The EBP is required to be established in the nursing field so that less error in care and better care activities can be implemented to ensure quality care delivery to the patients by the nurses (Monsen et al. 2016). . .

The critical analysis of the research study is performed to examine the ideas presented by the researcher in relation to what is already known and develop decision for its merits. This indicates that critical analysis is done with the aim to argue all aspects of the information to determine its strength and weakness. In this study, the critical analysis of the article “A qualitative study of primary healthcare professionals’ views of falls prevention” is to be explained. The research in the nursing field is important so that information can be gathered through scientific experimentation that is to be implemented as evidence in practice for providing evidence-based care (EBP) to serve users. The EBP is required to be established in the nursing field so that less error in care and better care activities can be implemented to ensure quality care delivery to the patients by the nurses (Monsen et al. 2016).

Background History:

Mrs. Evans resides with her spouse and they have two children who stay away from them but visit them often. She worked until her age of 55 years as typist after that she left her job and it should be noted that her memory and recognition capability was definitely good. She was a cheerful lady and used to rehearse her belief in a Roman Catholic Church. She used to love travelling with his spouse and visited the community centre operational during the day time for two times a week and had home carers who used to support her twice per week. The leader of the church used to visit Mrs. Evans to uplift her status of psychological well being.

Critique of the research

The critique of the study by Tarafder et al. (2018) is to be done by using the qualitative critice research framework mentioned by Ryan et al. (2007). This is because the framework informs step-by-step process to be followed for developing critique regarding qualitative research avoiding the researcher to experience confusion in critiquing the study and ensure enriched analysis of the data to determine quality of the research. . .

Believability

The elements responsible to influence believability of the study are required to be analysed as it assists the researcher to develop focus on what is to be expected from the study. This is evident as for determining the believability of the study the author's professional and academic qualifications along with their skills are examined which helps to determine their efficiency in presenting the study (Coughlan and Cronin, 2016). In the study of Tarafeder et al. (2018), it is seen that clear academic, as well as professional qualification and skills of the three authors, are mentioned at the initiation of the study. This is evident as each of them is mentioned to belong from different position regarding Public Health in universities of England. It indicates that the study is well-developed with quality as it is done under the effective supervision of experienced professionals who have wide knowledge and skills regarding public health in England.

The writing style of the research is required to be academic as it is going to help the researcher to present ameliorated analytical data, convey information critically and described technique used with enhanced focus for presenting facts in the study (Hawks et al. 2016). In this study by Tarafeder et al. (2018), it is seen that critical academic writing style is abided by due to which it has enhanced the quality of the study as the reader can effectively acquire enhanced understanding and knowledge by going through the facts presented in the study. The presence of a good title in research helps to provide brief information regarding the scope and focus of the study (Miller et al. 2018). In the study by Tarafeder et al. (2018), it is seen that a well-explained title is mentioned. This acts strength of the study as going through the title the reader can easily understand the focussed information in the entire study making them aware at the beginning whether or not the paper is relevant to the topic of their focus. The presence of a structured abstract in the study is important as it provides summarised information of the research to be evaluated by the reader. However, lack of detailed abstract leads the reader unable to have opportunity to effectively judge relevance of the work with their focussed topic (Laschinger et al. 2016). In this study, a well framed abstract is presented which acts as its strength. This is because the clarified abstract is going to help the reader for the study to develop an in-depth analysis of the paper to determine its relevance with their need for topic information. .

Robustness

In order to understand the robustness of the study, the statement of the phenomenon of interest is required to be effectively articulated. This is because most of the topics examined in research are of abstract type where the exact experience is differently interpreted by other individuals. In qualitative research, the phenomenon is known as abstract encounters and required to be clearly determined by the researcher (Capano and Woo, 2017). In this research by Tarafederet al. (2018), a clear statement of phenomenon of interest is mentioned. This is because it would lead to explain the purpose behind the execution of the study. However, lack of clear information regarding the research phenomenon develops confusion to determine the usefulness and purpose of the study (Lipscomb, 2017). In this research, clear information regarding the research phenomenon is mentioned that they are focussing to understand reason behind increased falls among the elderly even after presence of primary healthcare professionals. The phenomenon of interest in the study is identifying barriers created in primary healthcare to take steps for active fall prevention .

Ryan et al. (2007), mentions that the aim of the research is to be explained in detail by the researcher. This is because the aim provides knowledge as well as understanding regarding the facts to be focused in the study (LoBiondo-Wood and Haber, 2017). In this study, a clear research aim is mentioned which is evident as it said the aim of the study is perform qualitative research for identifying through a sample of primary healthcare professionals in the Birmingham, UK the barriers to prevent falls. Thus, it acted as strength of the study as the reader by going through the aim can understand the clear focus of the study and its relevance. However, the lack of a clear aim would develop confusion among the readers regarding the facts to be explored in the study, in turn, developing inability to understand its validity for the topic to be explored (Christmals and Gross, 2017). .

Ryan et al. (2007), mentions that the aim of the research is to be explained in detail by the researcher. This is because the aim provides knowledge as well as understanding regarding the facts to be focused in the study (LoBiondo-Wood and Haber, 2017). In this study, a clear research aim is mentioned which is evident as it said the aim of the study is perform qualitative research for identifying through a sample of primary healthcare professionals in the Birmingham, UK the barriers to prevent falls. Thus, it acted as strength of the study as the reader by going through the aim can understand the clear focus of the study and its relevance. However, the lack of a clear aim would develop confusion among the readers regarding the facts to be explored in the study, in turn, developing inability to understand its validity for the topic to be explored (Christmals and Gross, 2017).

Ryan et al. (2007), mentions that the aim of the research is to be explained in detail by the researcher. This is because the aim provides knowledge as well as understanding regarding the facts to be focused in the study (LoBiondo-Wood and Haber, 2017). In this study, a clear research aim is mentioned which is evident as it said the aim of the study is perform qualitative research for identifying through a sample of primary healthcare professionals in the Birmingham, UK the barriers to prevent falls. Thus, it acted as strength of the study as the reader by going through the aim can understand the clear focus of the study and its relevance. However, the lack of a clear aim would develop confusion among the readers regarding the facts to be explored in the study, in turn, developing inability to understand its validity for the topic to be explored (Christmals and Gross, 2017).

The purposive sampling technique is used in the study for the recruitment of participants. The strength of using purposive sample for the study is that it is cost-effective and less time-consuming way of recruitment of participants. Moreover, it allows developing effective niche demographics for collecting evidence (Gandhi and Dass, 2019). This is evident as from the study it is found that purposive sampling led researchers to select only primary healthcare professionals from the UK healthcare field which was their key motive. However, the limitation of purposive sampling is that extensive research bias is faced (Valerio et al. 2016). This is true as in the study research bias is mentioned to be one of the limitations faced by the researchers. The semi-structured interview questionnaires are used in the study for collecting data. The strength with semi-structured questionnaire is that it allows greater flexibility in collecting increased amount of data (Al Dweik et al. 2017). This is because in the process the researchers are able to orient the participants in providing valid information in relation to the topic as well as feel free to inform personal thinking through open communication to ensure diverse data to be collected for the study. .

The purposive sampling technique is used in the study for the recruitment of participants. The strength of using purposive sample for the study is that it is cost-effective and less time-consuming way of recruitment of participants. Moreover, it allows developing effective niche demographics for collecting evidence (Gandhi and Dass, 2019). This is evident as from the study it is found that purposive sampling led researchers to select only primary healthcare professionals from the UK healthcare field which was their key motive. However, the limitation of purposive sampling is that extensive research bias is faced (Valerio et al. 2016). This is true as in the study research bias is mentioned to be one of the limitations faced by the researchers. The semi-structured interview questionnaires are used in the study for collecting data. The strength with semi-structured questionnaire is that it allows greater flexibility in collecting increased amount of data (Al Dweik et al. 2017). This is because in the process the researchers are able to orient the participants in providing valid information in relation to the topic as well as feel free to inform personal thinking through open communication to ensure diverse data to be collected for the study.

The purposive sampling technique is used in the study for the recruitment of participants. The strength of using purposive sample for the study is that it is cost-effective and less time-consuming way of recruitment of participants. Moreover, it allows developing effective niche demographics for collecting evidence (Gandhi and Dass, 2019). This is evident as from the study it is found that purposive sampling led researchers to select only primary healthcare professionals from the UK healthcare field which was their key motive. However, the limitation of purposive sampling is that extensive research bias is faced (Valerio et al. 2016). This is true as in the study research bias is mentioned to be one of the limitations faced by the researchers. The semi-structured interview questionnaires are used in the study for collecting data. The strength with semi-structured questionnaire is that it allows greater flexibility in collecting increased amount of data (Al Dweik et al. 2017). This is because in the process the researchers are able to orient the participants in providing valid information in relation to the topic as well as feel free to inform personal thinking through open communication to ensure diverse data to be collected for the study. .

The study by Ryan et al. (2007), mentions that rigour ensures effective demonstration of credibility along with plausibility and integrity of the study. The rigour in documentation mentions there is enhanced co-relation between research process and study question and the study commences as per the phenomenon of the study (Cypress, 2017). The documentation rigour is appropriately followed in the study as the research design used is successful in deriving data intended in the research question. The ethical rigour mentions confidentiality issues are appropriately described and managed (Ryan et al. 2007). In this study, ethical rigour is not efficiently maintained as the researcher did not mention in systematic manner regarding the way actions are to be taken to follow ethical consideration and confidentiality in the study. .

The credibility of the research is ensured when there is consistency between the participant’s views as representation made by the researchers (Ryan et al. 2007). The study is credible as participant’s views are seen to directly relate with the presentation of facts by the researchers. The dependability is internal rigour and it is ensured when the researcher provides sufficient data to identify to what extent the researcher are dependable on the participants (Ryan et al. 2007). The dependability rigour is ensured in the study by the researchers by mentioning clearly to what extent they were dependent to know the challenges faced by primary health participants in managing fall prevention. The transferability informs to mentions to what extent the study results can be applied outside the situation (Ryan et al. 2007). In the study, the transferability of results is not mentioned. The conformability rigour is appropriately abided in the study as the researchers are seen to mention the way they have reached conclusion and interpretation in the study.

TThe credibility of the research is ensured when there is consistency between the participant’s views as representation made by the researchers (Ryan et al. 2007). The study is credible as participant’s views are seen to directly relate with the presentation of facts by the researchers. The dependability is internal rigour and it is ensured when the researcher provides sufficient data to identify to what extent the researcher are dependable on the participants (Ryan et al. 2007). The dependability rigour is ensured in the study by the researchers by mentioning clearly to what extent they were dependent to know the challenges faced by primary health participants in managing fall prevention. The transferability informs to mentions to what extent the study results can be applied outside the situation (Ryan et al. 2007). In the study, the transferability of results is not mentioned. The conformability rigour is appropriately abided in the study as the researchers are seen to mention the way they have reached conclusion and interpretation in the study.

The limitations of the study are clearly explained under points which help the reviewers to understand the restriction experienced in conducting the study which is to be kept in mind to be avoided in performing future studies in enriched manner (Hanson et al. 2020). The limitation of the research includes less information availability regarding the demographics of the selected participants that are primary healthcare professionals which lead to create less understanding regarding varied responses. The other limitation faced is recruitment method was inappropriate due to which representation of primary health professionals was hindered leading most respondents found to be general practitioners. Another limitation mentioned is that the research is led by trainee who may have negatively influenced the participants and the data gathered are unable to be generalised as they are specific to the UK (Tarafder et al. 2018). The implication of the findings in the practice is also mentioned in the study in detailed manner. This is evident as the researchers mentioned that through the study proactive preventive strategy can be created to manage falls and fracture by stratification of risk. Moreover, the study mentioned that it can be used in practice to aware avoiding delay in referral of localised falls and fractures in health and social care field.

A clarified conclusion is being provided regarding the study where it is mentioned that better integration of primary as well as secondary studies is to be done to ensure fall prevention by primary healthcare professionals among the elderly. Moreover, it is mentioned that through management of mentioned barriers and challenges the primary healthcare professionals can provide improved quality healthcare to all individuals. There is no information provided by the researcher regarding the study can be used or extended in future. Moreover, no recommendations are mentioned in the study regarding the way identified barriers and challenges can be resolved to ensure better fall prevention among the elderly (Tarafder et al. 2018).

Conclusion

The above discussion mentioned that lack of effective fall prevention among the elderly is a major issue faced by the primary healthcare professional in the UK due to different barriers and challenges. The study is presented in appropriate academic writing and title, abstract, aim, purpose, rationale and objectives of the research are clearly mentioned. The generic qualitative study design is used along with purposive sampling that has led the study to face response bias. The thematic analysis is used as data analysis method and clear findings are mentioned under six key themes. A detailed discussion along with conclusion is mentioned as well as limitation faced in the study is also reflected. However, future scope and recommendation are not mentioned but the implication of the practice is discussed.

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